城市洪涝风险防控的生态修复途径

人类面临的水问题,体现为水的质、量和时机问题。流域自然水循环的扰乱和破坏,是城市造成城市内涝的根源。伴随城市化过程的绿色空间压缩、不透水面积增加、社会水循环影响增加等,最终都通过对自然水循环的扰动,产生同时存在的水资源短缺与洪涝及水源污染等问题。摈弃单纯凭借灰色基础设施的抵御、抗击思维,运用生态智慧,建设绿色基础设施,恢复和增加城市流域内的绿色空间,以实现水的分散积存、自然渗透、自然蒸发、自然净化、恢复水的自然循环过程为目的和方式的城市生态修复,是基于自然的城市洪涝问题解决方案。将生态智慧融入城市设计与规划,生态修复成为城市规划与建设的日常,是解决洪涝问题的长久之路。

Ecological Restoration as a Long-term Solution to Urban Flooding

All the water-related problems that human beings are exposed to lie in water quality,quantity or/and timing.Disturbance to and destruction of natural water cycle are the root cause of urban flooding.Green space shrinkage,impervious surface expansion and increased impacts of social water cycle in the course of urbanization,modify natural water cycle and result in simultaneous water resource shortage and flooding as well as non-point pollution.Instead of passive defence relying on gray infrastructure,we can apply ecological wisdom and build green infrastructure(GI)to restore and increase green space inside the urban watershed,thus by means of distributed water retention,natural infiltration,natural evaporation,natural purification,restoration of natural water cycling to heal the urban ecology,which proves to be a nature-based solution(NBS)to urban flooding.Integrating ecological wisdom into urban design and planning,ecological restoration needs be considered as a routine practice in urban management to serve as a long-term solution to urban flooding.