圆环形声基阵低频超增益性能研究

对均匀噪声场中基阵超增益波束形成的权向量及阵增益进行了推导。以小尺度圆环形基阵为例，对位于空间均匀噪声场中的水听器阵作超声益处理及线谱和宽带被动检测方法进行了计算机仿真。对所述基阵超增益波束形成和常规波束形成的方向性图和空间增益进行了比较，通过仿真真验证了超增益方法和正确性，超增益波束形成可以获得比常规波束形成更窄的波束宽度和更高的空间增益，由于超增益阵具有尺度小，空间增益高的特点，对于改进低频被动声纳的检测性能具有重要的意义。

A Circular Hydrophone Array for Supergain in Low Frequency

Abstract: When working range of frequency is low, the needed array gain often requires the hydrophone array to be very large and thus makes engineering implementation very difficult. To our best knowledge, no paper in the open literature has pointed out that circular hydrophone array possesses good supergain characteristic. We deduce eq. (6) for computing supergain weights for a small circular hydrophone array in isotropic ambient noise field and in section 3 give computer simulation results to verify its performance for two kinds of signal detection scheme, namely linear spectrogram and wideband energy detection. Compared with conventional beamforming, supergain beamforming can bring narrower beamwidth and higher array gain, thus making smaller size possible. Therefore, supergain hydrophone array, particularly the small-sized circular array, is very good for improving the detection performance of low frequency passive sonar.