基于遗传算法的有限推力轨道拦截优化研究

遗传算法是一种具有通用性、鲁棒性及全局最优性等优点的自适应优化技术。文中建立了空间飞行器的有限推力轨道拦截数学模型，并以空间飞行器燃料消耗最小为优化目标函数，运用遗传算法对空间飞行器的拦截变轨参数进行了优化设计。为了解决轨道拦截这一多约束优化问题，在遗传算法中引入了罚函数方法，并通过动态改变算法参数来改进优化的收敛性。在对低地球轨道目标的拦截仿真中，选择发动机燃料质量秒耗量、推力作用方向和作用时间为优化参数，仿真结果证明了该方法在带约束有限推力轨道拦截优化中的有效性。

A Genetic Algorithm (GA) Method of Orbit Interception with Finite Thrust

The full paper begins with a detailed analysis of the shortcomings of the traditional methods of orbit interception with finite thrust.We aim to overcome these shortcomings with GA.GA is an adaptive optimization technology.It has the advantages of general-utility,robustness and global optimization.In the full paper,we describe our GA method in detail;here we give only a briefing.In this paper,through building the mathematical model of orbit interception of the space flight vehicle with finite thrust,we optimize the parameters of orbit interception with GA.In this study,we choose minimum fuel consumption as the optimization objective.In order to deal with the problem of orbit interception with many constraints,the penalty function is introduced into the GA.Then the GA's running parameters are adjusted dynamically for developing the convergence performance.In our simulation,we selected the thrust's direction,thrust's working time and the engine's fuel consumption rate as the parameters of GA optimization.Through the simulation of intercepting a Low-Earth-Orbit target,we found a minimum fuel consumption orbit under the constraints of a miss distance of 10 m.