基于地理探测器的长沙市乡村旅游发展水平 空间分异影响因素分析

以具有独特田园资源优势的长沙市为研究对象，借助最近邻指数、多距离空间聚类分析、核密 度分析等 ArcGIS 空间分析工具，对长沙市星级乡村旅游景点的空间分布进行了定量表征，构建了乡村旅游 发展水平评价指标体系，对长沙市各区（县、市）乡村旅游发展水平进行了测度，并采用地理探测器定量分 析了长沙市乡村旅游发展水平空间分异的影响因素。研究结果表明：长沙市星级乡村旅游景点在空间上呈聚 集状态分布，总体呈现长沙市中心城区集聚程度相比长沙市边缘地区的更高的特征；长沙市乡村旅游发展水 平在空间上呈现不均衡状态，各区（县、市）乡村旅游发展水平存在显著差异，其中浏阳市的乡村旅游发展 水平指数最高，为 0.112，宁乡市乡村旅游发展水平综合指数最低，为 0.068；长沙市乡村旅游发展水平空间 分异是多种影响因素综合作用的结果，其中资源禀赋对长沙市乡村旅游发展水平空间分异的影响较大，且任 意两个影响因素交互作用后的影响力均表现为增强，由此表明，长沙市乡村旅游发展水平空间分异的影响因 素之间存在明显的木桶效应。

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of the Spatial Differentiation of Rural Tourism Development Level in Changsha City Based on the Geodetector

Taking Changsha city as the research object with its unique rural resources advantages, and with the help of such ArcGIS spatial analysis tools as nearest neighbor index, multi-distance spatial cluster analysis and kernel density analysis, a quantitative characterization can be achieved of the spatial distribution of star-level rural tourist attractions in Changsha city, thus constructing an evaluation index system of the rural tourism development level, followed by a measurement of the rural tourism development level of districts (counties, cities) in Changsha. Meanwhile the geographic detector is used for an analysis of the influencing factors of spatial differentiation of rural tourism development level in Changsha. Due to the significant differences in the development level of rural tourism among districts (counties and cities) in Changsha, the development level of its rural tourism is unbalanced in space, with the highest index of rural tourism development level in Liuyang City being 0.112, and the lowest comprehensive index of rural tourism development level in Ningxiang city only 0.068. The spatial differentiation of rural tourism development level in Changsha is the result of a variety of influencing factors, among which the resource endowment has a greater impact on its spatial differentiation of rural tourism development level, with the influence of any two factors enhanced after interaction, which shows that there is an significant barrel effect between the influencing factors of spatial differentiation of rural tourism development level in Changsha city.