高炉用铜－钢复合冷却壁传热及力学性能分析

采用热力耦合方法研究了铜层厚度和冷却水道间距对铜－钢复合冷却壁温度及应力分布的影响．以1：1比例铜－钢复合冷却壁进行了热态试验，测试了铜－钢复合冷却壁温度分布，计算了热态试验条件下铜－钢复合冷却壁的温度分布，计算结果与试验结果基本吻合．计算结果显示，铜－钢复合冷却壁铜层厚度增加，壁体最高温度和最大等效应力减少，铜层厚度上限值为70mm；冷却水道间距减少可以降低壁体最高温度和最大等效应力，当冷却水道间距小于220mm时，减少冷却水道间距对降低壁体最高温度和最大等效应力作用较小．铜层厚度为60mm，冷却水道间距为220mm的铜－钢复合冷却壁在高炉热负荷较高区域工作不易发生塑性变形损坏．

Analysis of heat transfer and mechanical behaviors of copper- steel composite stave in blast furnace

Effects of copper layer thickness and cooling channel spacing on temperature and thermal stress of copper - steel composite stave were investigated by thermal mechanical coupled analysis. The thermal test of 1 ： 1 copper - steel composite stave was carried out, temperature distribution of copper- steel composite stave was examined and calculated. The calculated results were well agree with the measured data. The results indicated that the maximum temperature and the thermal stress of the stave decreased with the copper layer thickness increased, the upper limit of copper layer thickness is 70 mm; The maximum temperature and the thermal stress of the stave decreased with the cooling channel spacing. When the cooling channel spacing is less than 220 mm, the maximum temperature and the thermal stress of the stave are close to constant. It is not liable to produce plastic distortion in the higher heat flux region of blast furnace when the copper - steel composite stave with a copper layer thickness of 60 mm and a cooling channd spacing of 220 mm is used.