基于GIS的河流水体污染非线性预测系统研究

针对河流水体污染物的空间分布特点,提出综合运用GIS、BP神经网络和遗传算法,实现河流水污染的空间数据管理和污染预测的方法。该方法通过改进激励函数、为权值的修正加入动量项等方法改良BP算法;并引入遗传算法实现BP神经网络隐层节点数、最佳学习率和动量因子等参数的自动搜索,有效地解决了传统模型参数难以确定等问题。并进一步将该模型与GIS强大的空间功能结合,实现了水体污染的海量空间数据管理及评价预测结果的空间图形直观可视化表达,十分便于及时掌握河流水体污染动态、空间分布及演化趋势。并最终以GIS为二次开发平台,实现了基于遗传神经网络的河流水体污染非线性预测管理系统,并在长江重庆城区段河流污染预测应用中显示出良好的效果,预测精度达78%以上。

Nonlinear Forecast System for River Water Pollution Based on GIS

Based on the analysis of the water pollution spatial distribution characters of Yangtze River in Chongqing,a new method based on the integration of BP neural network and genetic arithmetic(GA) is proposed.For some shortcomings existed in the standard BP neural network,this method has ultimately overcome these shortcomings by combining the GA with BP artificial neural network through altering stimulating function,adding momentum factor to power value for BP algorithm and introducing genetic arithmetic to searching for the knots of the hidden layer,momentum factor and learning level.Using this method can easily overcome the difficulty of measuring the water prediction model's parameters.GIS is used as a tool for data management and spatial analysis,and the prediction result of the model for the water pollution spatial distribution characters of Yangtze River in Chongqing is visualized and explored with the precision of more than 78%.