微小车床刀具磨损检测方法

设计了微小型刀具磨损在位检测装置。基于机器视觉技术，结合微型刀具的几何特征，搭建微刀具刀尖磨损面积检测系统。在磨损刀具单张图像中，基于Facet模型提取刀具亚像素边缘，拟合刀具的主副切削刃，计算刀尖圆弧及未磨损边界，实现刀尖磨损面积测量。用图像作差法对算法进行验证，其检测精度为±1．51×10^-4mm^2。最后，通过测量硬质合金刀具切削45号钢时刃尖磨损面积，为微小车床刀具磨损机理的进一步研究奠定了基础。

Detection Method for Tool Wear of Small Lathe

The detection device for miniature cutting tool wear was designed.The detection system for wear area of min-iature cutting tool nose was built based on machine vision technology, which considered geometrical characteristics of miniature cutting tool. The sub-pixel edge of cutting tool was extracted based on Facet model from a single image of the worn tool. Main and minor cutting edge was fitted. Tool nose arc and unworn edge were calculated, and then the wear area was measured. Arithmetic was verified through the substraction of two imges , the detection precision was ±1.51×10^-4mm^2. Finally, the tool tip wear area was measured after the cutting experiment, and the foundation for the further research of micro-machining tool wear principle was established.