巴西磷矿泥浆中磷灰石的回收

针对我国严重匮乏可溶性钾盐资源，而非可溶性钾资源却非常丰富，如磷钾伴生矿，因而探索从磷钾伴生矿中提取可溶性钾具有重要意义. 本文强化了磷钾伴生矿的酸浸过程，研究了在HCl-CaF₂体系下，表面活性剂对磷钾伴生矿中钾浸出的影响. 结果表明:阴离子表面活性剂可以强化钾的浸出，阳离子表面活性剂对钾的浸出未产生明显影响，非离子表面活性剂会抑制钾的浸出. 通过筛选得到较佳的表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS），其添加量为1.25 g/L，与未添加SDS的相比，钾浸出率提高了约8.5%，达到了98.01%

Recovery of Apatite from Slimes of A Brazilian Phosphate Ore

In general terms, the flowsheet applied to apatite concentration in Brazilian phosphate industry plants involves grinding; classification in coarse and fines fractions; magnetic separation (low and high intensity); desliming to remove particles < 10 μm; barite flotation and apatite flotation. This work shows the results obtained in a study of apatite concentration from a slime sample provided by the industrial phosphate ore plant of the Copebras (China Molybdenum-CMOC International), located at Catalo (Goias state, Brazil). The feed sample containing 13.2% of P₂O_5; 14.0% of CaO; 19.7% of SiO₂ and 27.7% of Fe₂O₃, which corresponds to 32% of apatite, 25% of goethite, quartz (18%) and gorceixite (5.2%). Particle size characterization showed that the characteristic diameters (D32, D10, D50 and D90) were respectively 2.6 μm, 1.0 μm, 5.7 μm and 25 μm. Considering the flowsheet with desliming in hydrocyclones (40 mm) in two stages, followed by apatite flotation in columns, it was obtained a final concentrate with 35.6% P₂O₅ and main impurities Fe₂O₃and SiO₂ around 4.0% and 5.1% respectively. Taking into account the mass and metallurgical balances of the desliming and flotation, the overall mass recovery was around 11% and the P₂O₅ recovery was 30%.