表面活性剂对磷钾伴生矿中钾浸出的影响

针对我国严重匮乏可溶性钾盐资源，而非可溶性钾资源却非常丰富，如磷钾伴生矿，因而探索从磷钾伴生矿中提取可溶性钾具有重要意义. 本文强化了磷钾伴生矿的酸浸过程，研究了在HCl-CaF₂体系下，表面活性剂对磷钾伴生矿中钾浸出的影响. 结果表明:阴离子表面活性剂可以强化钾的浸出，阳离子表面活性剂对钾的浸出未产生明显影响，非离子表面活性剂会抑制钾的浸出. 通过筛选得到较佳的表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS），其添加量为1.25 g/L，与未添加SDS的相比，钾浸出率提高了约8.5%，达到了98.01%.

Effect of Surfactants on Leaching of Potassium from Phosphorus-Potassium Associated Ore

China is rich in the insoluble potash ores such as phosphorus-potassium associated ore compared with the soluble hoevellite as a scarce resource in China. Thus， the extraction of soluble potassium from phosphorus-potassium associated ore has important significance. The intensification of the acid leaching process of phosphorus-potassium associated ore was investigated in this paper. The effect of surfactants on the leaching of potassium from phosphorus-potassium ore in HCl-CaF₂ media was studied. It was found that anion surfactants could enhance the dissolution fraction of potassium. Cationic surfactants has not obvious effect and nonionic surfactants could inhibit the leaching of potassium. Moreover， sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） has the best effect in the selected surfactants. The leaching rate of potassium increases by 8.5% compared with no SDS and reaches 98.01% by adding 1.25 g/L SDS.