基于正交试验设计的铝/钢激光深熔点焊参数优化

通过激光匙孔点焊技术实现铝与钢的焊接. 通过正交试验方法对铝/钢进行激光匙孔点焊试验，研究时间、功率和离焦量对接头力学性能的影响程度. 结果表明，激光功率对铝/钢激光匙孔点焊接头的力学性能影响最大，离焦量次之，焊接时间影响最少，最优参数为激光功率2.85 kW、离焦量22 mm、持续时间3 s，拉伸载荷达到1470 N. 焊缝处生成锥形熔化区，界面处无裂纹，生成包含Fe₃Al、FeAl和FeAl₂等金属间化合物(IMCs)，最大显微硬度(HV)达到810.

Parameter optimization of laser keyhole spot welding of Al/steel based on orthogonal experiment design

Aluminum and steel were welded by laser keyhole spot welding technology. The laser keyhole spot welding of Al/steel was tested by orthogonal experiment, influences of time, laser power and defocusing amount on mechanical properties of the joint were studied. The results show that the influence of laser power on the mechanical properties of Al/steel laser keyhole spot welding joints is the greatest, then defocusing amount, welding time affect the minimum. The optimal parameters are laser power 2.85 kW, defocusing amount 22 mm, duration 3 s, and tensile load is 1470 N. The cone-like fusion zone was formed at the weld seam and there was no crack, intermetallic compounds (IMCs) containing Fe₃Al, FeAl and FeAl₂ were formed at the interface. The maximum microhardness (HV) of the joint is 810.