全海深宏生物保压取样装置设计与实验研究

针对非保压取样方法难以获取高质量生物样本的问题，提出全海深宏生物保压取样器. 考虑海上布放对装置质量的限制，提出中空式活塞取样结构. 针对深海的超高压环境，分析常规蓄能器设计中理想气体状态方程的不适应性，提出基于真实气体状态的设计方法. 针对密封圈移动引起的压降，设计液体主动补偿技术. 内压试验结果表明，保压筒和取样活塞具有足够的强度和良好的密封性. 高压舱测试表明，提出的取样系统在高压下可以稳定工作，设计的压力补偿系统能够显著地提高取样器的保压性能. 取样器在马里亚纳海沟深度超过10 800 m深度时进行2次原位实验，共获取端足类生物保压样品174只.

Design and experimental research on full-sea depth pressure-retaining sampling device for macro organism

A pressure-retaining sampler was proposed aiming at the problem that it is difficult to obtain high-quality samples by non-isobaric sampling methods. A hollow piston sampling structure was proposed considering the limitation of deployment weight. The non-adaptability of the ideal gas state equation which is used to design accumulators in engineering applications was analyzed for the ultra-high pressure environment in the deep sea, and a design method based on the real gas state was proposed. A liquid active compensation technique was designed for the pressure drop caused by the seal movement. The internal pressure test results show that the pressure vessel and the piston have sufficient strength and good sealing. The high-pressure chamber test shows that the proposed sampling system can work stably under high pressure, and the designed pressure compensation system can significantly improve the pressure retention performance of the sampler. The developed sampler captured 174 amphipods in the Marianas Trench at depths of more than 10 800 m.