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Influence of processing parameters on thermal conductivity of uranium dioxide pellets prepared by spark plasma sintering
Affiliation:1. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;2. Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;1. Department of Mechanical, Aerospace & Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA;2. Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA;3. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA;1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States;2. Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States;3. Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States;4. Nuclear Engineering and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States;5. Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, United States;1. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany;2. Nuclear Energy Systems Department, Komae Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 2-11-1 Iwado Kita, Komae-shi, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan;1. Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;2. Center for Advanced Nuclear Safety and Sustainable Development, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Abstract:High density uranium dioxide (UO2) pellets with grain sizes between 0.9 μm and 9 μm were produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS). A systematic study was performed by varying the sintering temperature between 750 °C and 1450 °C and hold time between 0.5 min and 20 min to obtain UO2 pellets with a range of theoretical densities (TD) and grain sizes. The microstructure development in terms of grain size, density and porosity distribution was investigated. The oxygen/uranium (O/U) ratio of the resulting pellets was found to decrease after SPS. The thermal conductivity of UO2 pellets increased with the theoretical density but the grain size in the investigated range had no significant influence. The measured thermal conductivity values up to 900 °C were consistent with the reported literature for conventionally sintered UO2 pellets. The benefits of using SPS over the conventional sintering of UO2 are summarized.
Keywords:Uranium dioxide  Microstructure  Spark plasma sintering  Thermal conductivity  Stoichiometry
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