合成生物学在农残检测领域的应用

近年来，合成生物学在多个领域崭露头角，在农残检测中也发挥着越来越重要的作用。基于合成生物学模块化和工程化指导思想，各种基因部件的多样化组合为农残检测提供更多方案。简便、耐用、低成本、原位检测等特点也使其较传统检测手段具有更强的竞争力。但与此同时，合成生物学在农残检测中的应用也受到复杂检测环境和生物安全性等问题的影响。结合目前合成生物学在有机氯、有机磷、拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯类农药检测中的应用与创新实例，归纳合成生物学在农残检测中应用的原理，分析并探讨合成生物学技术未来在农残检测中的发展潜力与应用前景。

Application of synthetic biology in pesticides residues detection

In recent years, synthetic biology has emerged in many fields, and it has also played an increasingly important role in pesticide residue detection. Through synthetic biology, a variety of gene assemblies provide more potential for detection. The characteristics of simplicity, rapidity, durability, and low cost grow on its competence comparing with traditional detection methods. The support of miniaturized instruments also enhances its application value in situ detection of pesticide residues. But at the same time, the application of synthetic biology in pesticide residue detection is also affected by the complex detection environment and biological safety issues. This review mainly introduces the application and innovation of synthetic biology in the detection of organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, and carbamate pesticides. Analyze its advantages and shortages and discuss its future development potential.