电解质(NaCl和KCl)及其混合物含水溶液在298.15K下的粘度

在298.15K下，测量了NaCl、KCl及其不同摩尔比下的混合物的水溶液的粘度及密度，浓度从很稀直至饱和、甚至过饱和．通过在现有的扩展Jones─Dole型方程中加入摩尔浓度的立方项，所得Jones─Dole型方程可在更高浓度范围内很好地表达所研究体系的粘度．随着浓度的提高，更高浓度次项需加入．用简单加和规则计算了混合物溶液的粘度，其结果与实验值在低浓度下相近，可解释为，有足够的水用来水化离子，离子间的作用对粘度几乎无影响；随着浓度的增加，计算值比实验值越来越小，因为离子间的作用越来越明显，并且各自的浓度由于彼此的存在和作用而提高．

VISCOSITIES OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF ELECTROLYTES (NaCl AND KCl) AND THEIR MIXTURES AT 298.15K

Viscosities and densities of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and potassium chloride and their mixtures at different mole fractions were measured at 298.15K from very dilute to saturated or supersaturated concentrations.The newly extended Jones-Dole type equation,being based on existing extended Jones-Dole equation,could satisfactorily represent the experimental viscosities of the systems studied to very high concentrations.With increasing concentration,higher exponential terms of concentration are necessarily added.The values of simple additivity of viscosity for mixed electrolyte solution have been calculated.They are very near to the corresponding experimental viscosities under some moderate concentration. This has been explained that enough water could be used to hydrate the ions,and so the interactions between ions have negligible influence on the viscosities.With the increasing concentration,the calculated values become increasingly lower than the experimental viscosities.It may be assumed that the interactions between ions become stronger and stronger and the real concentration for either of the electrolytes should be higher in the mixture due to each other's presence.