抗菌防腐剂（Ⅰ）—抗菌防腐剂的历史、定义与分类

简要回顾了抗菌防腐剂的发展历程，进一步明确了杀菌剂，抑菌剂，抗菌剂，防腐剂，防霉剂，消毒剂，杀生剂，保鲜剂，抗生素的概念。同时，结合抗菌防腐剂的发展在对抗菌防腐剂按无机物，有机物和天然物分类的基础上，进一步又按化学结构和官能团将抗菌剂分为有机金属，有机卤代物，醇，酚，醚，醛，酮，醌，酸，酯，含氮类，含硫类，有机磷，有机砷类以及杂环类等。

)the History, Concept and Classification of Antimicrobial Agents

This paper briefly reviews the history of development of the antimicrobial agents,clarify the concipts of bactericides,the antimicrobial agents,microbial inhibitors ,antibacterial agents,preservatives,mould inhibitors,disinfectants,biocides,freshening agents and antibiotics.At the same time,baesd on the classification of inorganic, organic and natural compounds in connection with the development of the antimicrobial agents,the antimicrobial agents are further assorted into metal compounds,organic halides,alcohols,hydroxybenzenes,ethers,aldehydes,ketones,quinones,acids,esters,nitrides,sulfides ,phosphides,arsenides and heterocyclic compounds etc.according to chemical structures and tunctional groups;