氨气吸附材料的研究进展

氨是一种典型的有毒有害气态碱性污染物，也是PM2.5二次颗粒物的主要成因之一，大量含氨尾气排放不仅严重影响人类健康和生活环境，还会造成氨资源浪费。本工作综述了近年来多孔材料用于氨气吸附分离的研究现状和进展，重点论述了沸石、硅胶、活性炭、氧化石墨烯、多孔有机聚合物、共价有机骨架和金属?有机骨架材料改性前后对氨气的吸附性能，总结了吸附材料的改性方法，分析了该领域发展面临的主要问题，对未来的研究方向提出了建议。

Research progress of ammonia adsorption materials

Ammonia is a typical toxic pollutant and also one of the main causes of the formation of PM2.5. The emission of industrial tail gases containing a large amount of ammonia not only seriously affects the environment and health of human beings, but also results in serious waste of ammonia sources if directly discharged into the atmosphere. Because of their abundant pore structures and large specific surface areas, good adsorption characteristics and mechanical stability, porous materials have attracted a lot of attention in gas adsorption, especially in ammonia removal. Different porous materials can effectively absorb ammonia through the physical or chemical interaction between ammonia and their special pore structures or action sites. The adsorption method for ammonia removal has the several advantages, such as high selectivity, easy recovery and low energy consumption, so it is widely used in many industrial processes. In this review, the recent research status and progress of ammonia removal using different porous materials were reviewed, mainly focused on the research around the ammonia adsorption performances of zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, graphene oxide, porous organic polymer, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal?organic frameworks (MOFs) materials before and after modification, and the research progress of supported ionic liquids materials for ammonia separation in recent years was also introduced. Ionic liquids, as a class of green medium, have several unique advantages for ammonia removal, such as low vapor pressure, high gas selectivity, high thermal stability, tunable structures and properties. Supported ionic liquids materials can combine the characteristics of both ionic liquids and porous materials, which can break the traditional restriction of ionic liquids in industrial applications and providing a novel pathway for ammonia removal applications. Finally, given the main problems of the current development on ammonia removal and recovery using porous materials, the future research directions and solutions had been put forward.