电极上气泡分离行为及其强化技术研究进展

电解水作为大规模生产氢气的途径，增强电解水效率对于氢能源的生产具有十分重要的意义。而如何提高电解水工艺的电解效率是一个被广泛关注的问题。在电解过程中，电极两端产生的气体有三种去向：逸出电解槽、溶解于电解质中、附着在电极上。但在电解过程中，附着在电极上的气泡会严重影响电极与电解质之间的接触面积，直接降低了电解效率。降低气泡在电极上的停留时间能够有效增加电解质与电极的接触时间，提高产氢效率。本工作主要综述了近年来促进电解过程中极板上氢氧气泡从电极分离行为的研究，分别从极板属性、电流、溶液浓度和外加物理场这几个方面对气泡成核、生长、聚结和分离行为进行了具体的归纳总结，讨论了各种强化气泡分离方法的特点，并展望了未来的发展方向和路线，为未来的电解气泡脱离技术的研究提供参考。

Research progress of bubble separation behavior on electrodes and its strengthening technology

The rapid development of the global economy inevitably caused the rapid consumption of fossil resources and serious environmental pollution problems. Hydrogen plays an increasingly important role in energy supply and environmental protection as a clean energy, water electrolysis is a way to produce hydrogen on a large scale, so it is very important to enhance the efficiency of water electrolysis for hydrogen energy production. How to improve the electrolysis efficiency of water electrolysis technology has been widely concerned. During electrolysis, the gas produced at both ends of the electrode can go in one of three directions: out of the cell, dissolved in the electrolyte, or attached to the electrode. However, in the electrolysis process, the bubbles attached to the electrode will seriously affect the contact area between the electrode and electrolyte, which directly reduces the electrolysis efficiency. Therefore, reducing the residence time of bubbles on the electrode can effectively increase the contact time between electrolyte and electrode and improve the efficiency of hydrogen production. In this work, the recent progress in promoting the separation of hydrogen and oxygen bubbles from the plate during electrolysis is reviewed. The nucleation, growth, coalescence and separation of bubbles are studied from the aspects of plate properties, current, solution concentration, and external physical field, and the characteristics of various methods to enhance bubble separation are discussed and summarized. The electrolytic efficiency can be improved and the energy consumption of electrolysis can be reduced by promoting the bubble separation on the electrode. The future development direction and route are prospected, this provides fundamental insight and direction for the future design of the bubble separation technology in water electrolysis.