轻质烷烃异构化催化剂研究进展

轻质烷烃异构化技术是提高汽油辛烷值的重要手段,是实现汽油清洁化生产的理想选择。异构化反应是微放热反应,低温更有利于异构化反应的进行,而轻质烷烃异构化技术应用生产的前提是获得高效、稳定的催化剂。综述当前工业应用的低温型异构化催化剂、中温型异构化催化剂和固体超强酸催化剂的发展现状,指出异构化催化剂今后的研究方向。低温型催化剂为贵金属卤化物无定型催化剂,具有温度低和活性高的特点,但腐蚀性强,其应用受到限制。中温型异构化催化剂多为贵金属负载分子筛型双功能催化剂,稳定性高,但反应温度高,单程异构转化率低。固体超强酸催化剂多为将贵金属负载到固体超强酸上制备得到,活性高,反应温度低,环境友好,具有较好的发展前景。

Development in the catalysts for light paraffin isomerization

As an important technology for improving the gasoline octane number,light paraffin isomerization is the ideal route to realize clean gasoline production.Isomerization reaction is exothermic reaction,so low temperature is more favorable to isomerization reaction.The premise of light paraffin isomerization technology applied to the industrial production is to obtain high efficient and stable catalysts.The current development status of low-temperature isomerization catalysts,intermediate-temperature isomerization catalysts and solid super acid catalysts was reviewed,and the development direction of isomerization catalysts in future was outlined.Most of low-temperature catalysts were amorphous catalysts consisting of precious metal halide,and had the characteristics of high activities,low reaction temperature and strong corrosion,so their application was restricted.Most of middle-temperature catalysts were bifunctional catalysts made up of zeolites loaded with noble metals.Though they possessed high stabilities,the catalysts needed higher reaction temperatures,leading to low one-way isomerization conversion.The solid super acid catalysts with high activities,low reaction temperatures and friendly environment were prepared by solid super acid supported noble metals,and had good development prospects.