High-Performance All-Solid-State Supercapacitor Electrode Materials Using Freestanding Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber Mats of Polyacrylonitrile and Novolac Blends |
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Authors: | He Wang Hongjie Wang Fangtao Ruan Anfang Wei Quan Feng |
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Affiliation: | School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, NO. 8 Beijing Middle Road, Jiujiang District, Wuhu, 241000 China |
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Abstract: | Herein, this paper reports a facile method to prepare electrospun carbon nanofiber mats (ECNFMs) with high specific surface area and interconnected structure using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a precursor and novolac resin (NOC) as a polymer sacrificial pore-making agent. Without additional treatment, the prepared ECNFMs have a highly porous structure because NOC decomposes in a wider temperature range than most polymer activators. The NOC content in the PAN nanofibers shows important effects on porosity. The BET specific surface area of ECNFMs reaches a maximum of 1468 m2 g?1 when the precursor nanofibers contained 30 wt% NOC (ECNFM-3) after carbonization at 1000 °C. The supercapacitor device from ECNFM-3 electrode and all-solid-state electrolyte shows excellent cycling durability and high specific capacitance: ≈99.72% capacitance retention after 10 000 charge/discharge cycles and ≈320 mF cm?2 at 0.25 mA cm?2. Furthermore, it shows a large energy density of ≈11.1 Wh cm?2 under the power density of 500 mW m?2. Activation of carbon nanofibers simply by the addition of NOC into precursor nanofibers can offer a handy way to prepare ECNFMs for high-performance all-solid-state supercapacitors and other potential applications. |
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Keywords: | carbon nanofiber mats electrospinning polymer activation agents PVA/H2SO4 electrolytes supercapacitors |
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