餐厨垃圾溶剂热法制备负载铁生物质炭

以餐厨垃圾为原料运用溶剂热法制备了负载铁的球状生物质炭，系统研究了pH、醋酸锌（C₄H₆O₄Zn·2H₂O）与六水合三氯化铁（FeCl₃·6H₂O）投料质量比、碳化温度、碳化时间等条件对生物质炭制备的影响。在此基础上利用响应曲面法对生物质炭的制备条件进行了优化，分析了不同因素之间的交互作用。结果表明，在pH为2.26、C₄H₆O₄Zn·2H₂O与FeCl₃·6H₂O的质量比为0.51、碳化温度为203.96 ℃、碳化时间为2.92 h时，生物质炭的实际得炭率达到最大为56.82%，回归模型在研究区域内的水平显著，且预测的准确性较高。生物质炭的物相和形貌表征证明了四氧化三铁（Fe₃O₄）负载在球状生物质炭的表面，生物质炭的比表面积可以达到52 m²/g，负载Fe₃O₄相较于未负载Fe₃O₄的生物质炭对铜离子具有更好的吸附性，且吸附过程可以使用准二级动力学方程进行描述。

Preparation of Fe-impregnated biochar from food waste by solvothermal method

Fe-impregnated spherical biochar was prepared from food waste as raw materials by solvothermal method.The effects of pH，feed mass ratio of C₄H₆O₄Zn·2H₂O and FeCl₃·6H₂O，carbonization temperature and carbonization time on the preparation of biochar were systematically studied.On this basis，the preparation conditions of biochar were optimized by response surface method，and the interaction between different factors was analyzed.When the pH was 2.26，the mass ratio of C₄H₆O₄Zn·2H₂O and FeCl₃·6H₂O was 0.51，the carbonization temperature was 203.96 ℃，and the carbonization time was 2.92 h，the actual carbon yield of biomass carbon was 56.82%.The regression model could reach a significant level，and the fitting was good in the experimental study area.The phase and morphology characterization of biochar proved that Fe₃O₄ was loaded on the surface of spherical biochar，and the specific surface area of biochar could reach 52 m²/g.The biochar loaded with Fe₃O₄ had better adsorption capacity for copper ions than biochar loaded without Fe₃O₄，and the adsorption process could be described by quasi-second-order kinetic equation.