关于陶瓷成型工艺的讨论

陶瓷制造经历数千年历史，直到20世纪中叶因为烧结理论的创立获得了飞速发展，上世纪七八十年代关于超细粉体制备和表征的发展，促使陶瓷工艺第二次大发展，当前阻碍陶瓷材料进一步发展的关键之一是成型工艺技术没有突破，压力成型不能满足形状复杂性和密度均匀性的要求，传统的湿法成型工艺可以获得复杂形状，但不能保证坯体的均匀性，90年代以来发展起来的多种胶体原位成型工艺和气相成型工艺有望促使成型工艺获得突破。

A Discussion on Ceramics Forming Technology

Ceramic technology has long history. It does not grow up rapidly until middle of the twentieth century, when sintering theory was established. The second advance in ceramic technology took place in the 1970s and 1980s, when the techniques of making ultrafine ceramic powders and of characterization of fine powders were well developed. Further advances of ceramic materials are retarded by ceramic forming technology, in which no breakthrough has occurred. Pressure forming technique can not meet the requirement of complexity in shape of ceramic products and homogeneity in density of ceramic green bodies. The traditional wet forming techniques can make complex shape. However, it does not guarantee to obtain a homogeneous green body. Various in situ colloidal forming techniques, such as gel_casting, direct coagulation casting, and gas phase forming techniques, which emerged in 1990s, are expected to result in breakthrough in ceramic forming technology.