有机污染物微生物共代谢降解及其动力学研究

微生物主要以生长代谢和共代谢方式降解有机污染物。生长代谢型微生物以有机污染物为碳源和能源物质加以分解和利用。共代谢是难降解有机污染物的重要代谢机制和研究热点。共代谢型微生物不能利用有机污染物作为碳源和能源,须从其它底物中获取大部分或全部的碳源和能源,共代谢基质选择和代谢酶的诱导是控制目标污染物降解的关键因素,高浓度有机污染物对共代谢微生物存在明显的抑制作用。协调好生长基质、诱导基质和目标污染物三者的比例关系,才能达到较高的难降解物质共代谢率。微生物共代谢动力学模型可分为缺乏生长基质、能源物质条件下的共代谢\存在生长基质、能源物质条件下的共代谢和底物抑制动力学过程三种类型。

Review of the biodegradation cometabolism and kinetics of the organic contaminant

Organic contaminant is degraded by the microbe with growth metabolism and cometabolism.Microbe utilize the organic contaminant as the carbon resource and energy during the growth metabolism with the result that the organic contaminant is degraded.Cometabolism is the main metabolism mechanism resulting in the degradation of contaminant.The microbe with cometabolism ability could utilize the contaminant as the carbon resource and energy,in the other hand,they have to acquire all or part of the carbon resource and energy.It is important to coordinate the relation of the growing substrate,inducer and contaminant,in order to gain the high ratio of the degradation.The degrading kinetics mechanism could be divided into three types such as lack or coexistence of growing substrate and energy,and substrate inhibition process.