枞酸单离与应用研究进展

枞酸是从天然可再生资源松香中分离得到的产品，由于松香是包含13种树脂酸的混合物，而且这些树脂酸多为同分异构体，导致其物理性质相近，使得枞酸单离非常困难，很多情况下是以混合物的形式应用于各种工业领域中，用途受到了一定的限制。本文介绍了枞酸的几种主要单离方法，分析了各种单离方法的优缺点，认为有机胺盐结晶法是枞酸工业生产最可行的方法。此外，本文还介绍了枞酸在合成生物活性物质方面的应用以及在医药、农药、精细化学品等领域的应用研究进展，最后，指出将松香所含的多种树脂酸逐一分离提纯，并以之作为原料，合成一系列具有生物活性的物质和药物，是未来枞酸综合开发利用的重点。

Research progress of isolation and application of abietic acid

Abietic acid is a product isolated from natural renewable resource rosin. Because rosin is a mixture containing thirteen kinds of resin acid and most of these resin acids are isomers，which results in a similarity of their physical properties，it makes the isolation of abietic acid from rosin a difficult problem. In most cases，abietic acid is used as a mixture form in many industrial fields，and the applications are restricted to some extent. Several major isolation methods of abietic acid are introduced，and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are analyzed. Organic amine salt crystallization is the most feasible method for isolation of abietic acid. Furthermore，the application of abietic acid in synthesizing bioactive substances and the usage of abietic acid in medicine，pesticide and fine chemicals are introduced. Isolating every resin acid from rosin and using them as raw materials to synthesize a series substances and drugs with bioactivity are the emphasis of comprehensive development and utilization of abietic acid in the future.