基于壳聚糖纳米粒子载药体系的制备与应用研究进展

壳聚糖纳米粒子载药体系因其天然无毒、生物相容性高、可生物降解等特点，在生物医学、化工和食品等领域有广阔的应用前景。本文对制备壳聚糖纳米粒子的离子交联法、聚电解质复合法、乳化交联法、喷雾干燥法和溶剂蒸发法等主要方法进行了综述，并阐述了其制备原理和优缺点。此外，本文结合国内外学者近期的研究工作，综述了壳聚糖纳米粒子载药体系在抗肿瘤药物和抑菌药物方面的应用研究进展，并对壳聚糖装载降糖药物、降脂药物、治疗骨质疏松药物和抗癫痫药物应用进行了简介。最后结合壳聚糖纳米载药体系在制备方法及应用中存在的实际问题，提出多学科研究相结合，开发壳聚糖纳米载药体系的智能控释、靶向递送功能和突破人体特殊生物屏障功能将是其近期的重点研究方向。

Advances in preparation and application of chitosan-based nanoparticles for drug delivery system

Due to the advantages of non-toxic effects, high biocompatibility and easy biodegradation, chitosan nanoparticle drug-loading system has potential applications in various fields like biomedicine, chemical engineering and food industries. This paper mainly introduces the ionic cross-linking method, polyelectrolyte complex method and emulsification cross-linking method, spray drying method and solvent evaporation method commonly used in the preparation of chitosan nanoparticles, and the characteristics of these methods are summarized. In addition, this paper summarizes the application of chitosan nanoparticle drug-loading system in anti-tumor and antibacterial as well as hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, osteoporosis and antiepileptic treatment drugs, in combination with recent research work of domestic and foreign scholars. Combined with multidisciplinary research, further development of chitosan nano drug-loading system intelligent controlled release, targeted delivery function and breakthrough of human special biological barrier will be the key research direction in the near future.