藜芦乙醇提取物对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性研究

通过测定藜芦的乙醇提取物以及各萃取部分对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性,寻找藜芦中的农用活性物质,为其综合开发利用提供科学依据。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了藜芦球茎和根乙醇提取物对6种植物病原菌的抑制作用。试验结果表明,当供试浓度为5.0 mg/mL时,对苹果腐烂病菌(Valsa mali)、棉花枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum)和苹果轮纹病菌(Physalospora piricola nose)的抑菌率比较高,分别为96.4%、78.1%和74.3%。藜芦乙醇提取物的不同极性溶剂萃取物的抑菌活性较高,乙酸乙酯萃取物对苹果腐烂病菌和苹果轮纹病菌的EC50分别为0.161 mg/mL和0.551 mg/mL;正丁醇萃取物对苹果腐烂病菌和苹果轮纹病菌的EC50分别为0.190 mg/mL和0.451 mg/mL。乙酸乙酯萃取物是进一步研究的重点。

Antifungal Activity of Ethanol Extract from Veratrum Linn.

In order to discover the agricultural activity and fungicidal ingredient in the Veratrum Linn.and provide scientific proofs of its exploitation and utilization,antifungal activity of the extracts from Veratrum Linn.with ethanol and different solvents were studied.Using a mycelial growth method,the fungistasis of the extracts with ethanol against six agricultural fungi were investigated in this study.The results showed that the extracts had strong antifungal activity against the tested pathogenic fungi.The inhibition rate was 96.4%,78.1% and 74.3% with the concentration of 5.0mg/mL against Valsa mali,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum and Physalospora piricola nose,respectively.The ethanol extract was fractionated using solvents of diffrent polarity,the ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction had stronger antifungal activities than that of extracts by solvents water.The EC50 of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fraction against V.mali was 0.161mg/ml and 0.190 mg/ml,respectively.The EC50 of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fraction against Physalospora piricola nose was 0.551mg/ml and 0.451 mg/ml,respectively.The ethyl acetate fraction could be acted as the emphases for further study.