燃烧后CO_2捕集技术研究

对燃烧前、燃烧后CO2捕集以及富氧燃烧3种CO2捕集技术的特点,以及适用于燃煤电厂的燃烧后CO2捕集技术进行了介绍,分析了吸收分离法、吸附分离法和膜分离法的原理及优缺点。其中,化学吸收法应用最广,但再生能耗大,运行成本高;吸附法虽再生能耗小,但对CO2选择性低,吸附能力有限;膜分离法目前仍处于实验室研究阶段,但应用前景巨大。对上述技术整合形成复合技术以及对新材料进行开发将有助于克服现有CCS技术面临的困难。

Review on post-combustion carbon dioxide capture technologies

As global warming worsens,control technology of carbon dioxide emission is attracting more and more attention.This paper describes the characteristics of three kinds of carbon capture technology including pre-combustion capture,postcombustion capture and oxy-combustion capture briefly and highlights post-combustion capture technology applied in coal-fired power plants.Absorption,adsorption and membrane separation methods are analyzed in detail and following conclusions can be made：chemical absorption has been used wisely despite its high energy consumption and investment cost.Adsorption consumes less energy while has low carbon dioxide selectivity and low adsorption capacity.Membrane is closer to the laboratory scale rather than the industrial application,but has promising prospects.Multiple technologies discussed in this paper need to be integrated into hybrid method and new materials need to be developed,thus may overcome the technical difficulties in the CCS.