基于多元统计方法的新疆巴里坤盆地地下水水化学特征及其影响因素分析

多元统计方法能同时对多个变量进行分析研究，是一种可用于地下水水化学特征相关分析的有效工具。基于12组水样的9项指标，运用多元统计方法系统分析了新疆巴里坤盆地地下水水化学特征及其影响因素。结果表明：该地区内主要分布低矿化度的HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Na型水（占总取样点的33.3%）和HCO₃·SO₄-Ca型水（占总取样点的25.0%），地下水中各离子的空间变异性为中等以上。地下水水化学特征主要受以Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、总硬度（TH）、溶解性总固体（TDS）为主要荷载变量的蒸发浓缩作用和以HCO^-₃为主要荷载变量的溶滤作用影响，两种作用的贡献率分别达76.17%和14.87%。研究结果可为当地地下水资源的保护和可持续利用提供科学依据。

Analysis of hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors of groundwater in the Balikun Basin of Xinjiang based on multivariate statistical method

Multivariate statistical method is an effective tool for the study of hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater, which can be used to analyze multiple variables simultaneously. Based on nine indexes of 12 groundwater samples, the chemical characteristics and influencing factors of groundwater in the Balikun Basin of Xinjiang were systematically analyzed using multivariate statistical method. The results show that HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Na water (account for 33.3% of the samples) and HCO₃·SO₄-Ca water (account for 25.0% of the samples) with low salinity are mainly distributed in the study area, and the spatial variability of various ions in the groundwater is above medium. The chemical characteristics of groundwater are mainly affected by evaporation and concentration of the main load variables of Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, total hardness (TH) and dissolved total solids (TDS), as well as the leaching of the main load variable HCO^-₃, with the contribution rates of 76.17% and 14.87%, respectively. The results can provide a theoretical support for the protection and sustainable utilization of local groundwater resources.