南方红壤区马尾松林下水土流失与降雨量关系研究

为了更好地研究马尾松林水土流失规律，从水土流失主要控制因子——降雨因子出发，通过对红壤侵蚀区不同林下配置模式马尾松林径流试验小区2009—2011年的产流、产沙与降雨量的关系研究。得到如下结论：①各小区的产流量和产沙量均与降雨量呈显著性相关，回归模型主要以一元二次回归最优，个别小区以幂函数和对数函数最优，其中以马尾松地表裸露小区模拟方程可决系数最大；②各雨型在同一郁闭度条件下，除去郁闭度为0％的小区外，各小区基本满足乔＋地表裸露〉乔＋百喜草〉乔＋胡枝子，伴随着降雨量的增加，各小区的径流系数总体上呈增加的趋势，尤其在暴雨和大暴雨以上的雨型更加明显；③产沙方面，各雨型条件下，除去郁闭度为O％的小区和个别郁闭度为24％的小区外，基本上满足乔＋地表裸露〉乔＋胡枝子〉乔＋百喜草。

Study on relationship between soil and water erosion and rainfall under pinus massoniana forest in red soil area of south China

In order to study the law of soil erosion and water loss in Pinus massoniana forest, proceeding from the main control factor of soil erosion and water loss--rainfall factor, the paper researched the rela- tionship between runoff, sediment yield and rainfall in runoff experimental plots of Pinus massoniana forest under different configuration modes in 2009 -2011, it got the following conclusions that@the correlation of runoff and sediment yield with rainfall in each plot was significant, whose optimal regression models were mainly quadratic regression functions, but individual plots were power functions and logarithmic functions, and the coefficient of determination of simulation equation in bare soil plots under the forest was the largest in all the regression models;（~）in the aspect of runoff characteristics under typical single rainfall events under the same condition of canopy density, the runoff sorting in the plots follows the se- quence of pinus massoniana ＋ bare soil 〉 pinus massoniana ＋ bahiasgrass 〉 pinus massoniana ＋ lespede- za, except the plots with canopy density of 0%. With the increase of rainfall, the runoff coefficient of each plot showed an increase trend as a whole, especially in storm and cloudburst ; @in terms of sediment yield, the sediment sorting in the plots were basically as follows of Pinus massoniana ＋ bare soil 〉 Pinus massoniana ＋ Lespedeza 〉 Pinus massoniana ＋ Bahiasgrass under each rainfall pattern except the plots with canopy density of 0% and individual plots with canopy density of 24%.