新疆输水工程冰害防治研究与展望

新疆地处中国西北部,其特殊的气候、地理及水文特征,导致输水工程出现严重的冰害问题。该文概括地阐述了新疆输水工程产生冰害的原因,以及冰害在输水建筑物渠首、渠道表现出的不同冰害类型。提出了修建蓄冰库、结冰盖运行、增加水温或增加压力水射流融冰、输冰以及排冰等工程技术措施。目前取得的防治冰害的工程技术措施,基本满足近期冰害的防治问题,但随着新疆大规模调水工程的实施,输水工程冰害的防治问题不可忽视,水利科技工作者面临着新的冰害防治问题需要研究。

Study and Prospect of Ice Damage Prevention and Control in Xinjiang's Water Conveyance Projects

Xinjiang is situated in the northwestern part of China,whose special climate,geologic and hydrologic characteristics would lead to the ice damage problems in water conveyance projects.Here,the causes and forms of ice damage are expounded in detail,at the same time,some engineering measures for ice damage prevention and control are put forward,such as the building of ice storage reservoir,operating with freezing ice cap,ice melting,ice conveyance,ice floating and so on.All these measures could meet the requirements of the ice damage prevention and control at present in Xinjiang.