环境因子对黄河甘宁蒙段表层沉积物中磷吸附-解吸的影响

为研究环境因子对黄河水体磷污染的影响，采集黄河上游甘宁蒙段表层沉积物进行室内试验，模拟环境因子变化对表层沉积物中磷吸附-解吸过程的影响。结果表明，沉积物对磷的吸附过程是可自发进行的吸热反应，温度升高有利于表层沉积物对磷的吸附，并促进磷的解吸过程；吸附量随振荡频率的升高而增大，且存在能显著提高表层沉积物磷吸附量的振荡频率阈值；上覆水体积一定时，随沉积物质量的增加，磷吸附量减小；去除有机质后，表层沉积物对磷的吸附量增大；有机质含量较高时可明显促进磷的吸附过程，有机物含量较低时促进磷的解吸过程；上覆水KCl浓度小于0.02 mol/L时，KCl浓度越高，表层沉积物对磷的吸附量越大；上覆水KCl浓度大于0.02 mol/L时，KCl浓度越高，表层沉积物对磷的解吸量越大。

Effects of environmental factors on phosphorus adsorption and desorption in surface sediments of Gansu-Ningxia-Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River

In order to study the influence of environmental factors on phosphorus pollution in the Yellow River, the surface sediments of Gansu-Ningxia-Inner Mongolia section in the upper reaches of the Yellow River were collected for laboratory experiments to simulate the influence of environmental factors on phosphorus adsorption and desorption process in the surface sediments. The results show that the process of phosphorus adsorption is spontaneous endothermic reaction, and the increase of temperature is conducive to the adsorption of phosphorus and the desorption of phosphorus. The adsorption capacity increases with the increase of oscillation frequency, and there is an oscillation frequency threshold which can significantly increase the phosphorus adsorption capacity of surface sediments. When the volume of overlying water is constant, the phosphorus adsorption capacity decreases with the increase of sediment mass. After the removal of organic matter, the phosphorus adsorption capacity of surface sediments increases. When the content of organic matter is high, the adsorption process of phosphorus is obviously promoted, and when the content of organic matter is low, the desorption process of phosphorus is promoted. When the concentration of KCl ion in overlying water is less than 0. 02 mol/L, the higher the concentration of KCl ion, the greater the phosphorus adsorption capacity of surface sediments. When the concentration of KCl ion in overlying water is greater than 0. 02 mol/L, the higher the concentration of KCl ion is, the greater the phosphorus desorption capacity of surface sediments is.