基于鱼类栖息地需求的雅鲁藏布江中游环境流量计算

针对水利工程影响下,河道下游天然水文情势改变造成鱼类产卵场面积减小和质量降低等潜在生态问题,通过数值模拟与统计建立拉萨裸裂尻鱼产卵期栖息地适宜度模型,采用栖息地模拟法计算了雅鲁藏布江中游藏木水电站坝下米林—尼洋河汇口处38.9 km河段的环境流量。结果表明:拉萨裸裂尻鱼产卵期适宜水深为0.7～1.0 m,适宜流速为0.4～0.6 m/s;研究河段内拉萨裸裂尻鱼产卵期环境流量为432 m~3/s。

Calculating environmental flows in middle reach of Yarlung Tsangpo River based on fish habitat requirements

In view of the potential ecological problems such as the reduction of fish spawning area and quality caused by the change of natural hydrological situation in the lower reaches of the river under the influence of water conservancy projects, a habitat suitability model for the spawning period of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi was established through numerical simulation and statistics. We calculated the environmental flow within 38.9 km from the confluence of Milin and Niyang River, in the downstream of the dam of Zangmu Hydropower Station, middle reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, with habitat simulation method. The results show that the suitable water depth during the spawning period of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi is 0.7~1.0 m and the suitable velocity is 0.4~0.6 m/s. The environmental flow during the spawning period of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi is 432 m³/s.