反拱水垫塘三维紊流场水力特性的试验研究

反拱底板水垫塘是一种新型的水垫塘型式,是一个倒拱形壳体结构。它是根据峡谷天然河道的形状,将水垫塘设计成中间低、两岸高的拱形体型,不同程度地利用拱的作用来抵抗巨大的动水压力,提高防护结构的安全性。随着反拱水垫塘的广泛应用,关于反拱水垫塘的水流场研究越来越受到重视。针对已建成的拉西瓦水电站的反拱水垫塘,根据重力相似准则,选择合适比尺1∶130,设计了反拱水垫塘水力学物理模型,模拟工况为设计水头7.69 cm,测量了在此工况下的反拱水垫塘各测点压强和流速值。通过对实验数据的处理得到原型反拱水垫塘的压强和速度值,实现了对高水头和大流量作用下反拱水垫塘底板动水压强及流速的试验研究,得出底板动水压强及流速沿流程以及沿拱圈横向的分布规律。

Experimental Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Three-dimensional Turbulent Flow Field of Anti Arch Water Cushion Pool

The counter-arch ledger wall water cushion pond is one kind of new water cushion pond pattern, it is a but actually arch shell structure.According to the canyon natural river course′s shape, it designs the water cushion pond among low, both banks high arch build, its varying degree use arches the function resists the huge hydrodynamic pressure, enhances the safeguard structure the security.A-long with the counter-arch water cushion pond′s widespread application, receives more and more a-bout the counter-arch water cushion pond′s water flow field′s research takes seriously.This article in view of already the Laxiwa hydroelectric power station counter-arch water cushion pond which com-pletes, according to the gravity similarity criterion, the choice compared to the ruler 1：130, has de-signed the counter-arch water cushion pond hydraulics physical model appropriately, it simulates the operating mode for design head 7.69cm, has surveyed under this operating mode counter-arch water cushion pond various measuring points intensity of pressure and the speed of flow value, this article through obtains the prototype counter -arch water cushion pond intensity of pressure and the speed val-ue to empirical datum processing, and has realized the counter-arch water cushion pond ledger wall hydrodynamic pressure is strong to under the high flood peak and the great current capacity functionand the speed of flow experimental study, obtains the ledger wall hydrodynamic pressure to be strong finallyand speed of flow along flow as well as along arch ring crosswise distributed rule.