长江中下游地下水资源战略储备选址适宜性评价指标体系

长江中下游地表水与地下水资源丰富,但遭受突发事件或区域性极端干旱时,城镇因地表水资源枯竭或供水能力不足而面临水资源安全危急。可利用相对安全的含水层,建立地下水战略储备(GSR)以应对水资源安全问题。基于此,针对地下水战略储备如何选址,从水资源利用与安全角度提出了地下水资源战略储备选址原则,并采用专家咨询与层次分析方法,从地下水储备区供水能力、应急利用影响、社会经济发展、环境灾害影响等方面识别了16个影响因子,确定了影响因子权重(含水层储水能力和应急供水时间权重最大,分别为0.213 8和0.153 0,应急供水经济成本权重最小,为0.005 7),建立了地下水资源战略储备选址适宜性评价指标体系。研究成果可为长江中下游地下水战略储备布局及应急利用提供技术支撑。

Evaluation Index System for the Suitability of Groundwater Strategic Reserve Site in Middle and Lower Yangtze River

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is endowed with abundant surface and groundwater resource. However,when cities suffer from emergencies or extreme regional drought,the surface water resource could be depleted,which seriously threatens the social stability. Groundwater could be pumped from a relatively safe groundwater strategic reserve(GSR)to deal with the problem of water shortage. In this paper,the principles of choosing the site for GSR are put forward from utilization and security perspectives. An evaluation index system for the suitability(EVISS)of location selection of GSR was established by integrating expert advice and hierarchical analysis. The system contains 16 influence factors in aspects of groundwater supply capacity,impact of emergency use,social and economic development,and environmental disasters’ impact,etc. The weights of the influence factors were determined:aquifer storage capacity and emergency water supply time boasts the largest weight,reaching 0.2138 and 0.1530,respectively,while economic cost of emergency water supply has the minimum weight,only 0.0057. The research finding offers technical support for the planning and emergency use of GSR in the Yangtze River Basin.