我国牧区水-土-草-畜平衡研究进展与展望

近年来,我国牧区草原生态退化严重,严重威胁国家生态安全,系统总结草原生态保护措施研究演变过程,提出进一步开展牧区水-土-草-畜平衡研究非常必要。本文从牧区水-土-草-畜平衡研究进程及进展出发,系统归纳、分析了我国草畜平衡研究、水草畜平衡研究、水-土-草-畜平衡研究的成果和不足,提出了牧区水-土-草-畜平衡研究技术框架,并根据新的形势与阶段探讨了牧区水-土-草-畜平衡研究的发展趋势。可为促进牧区水土草资源可持续利用、草原生态环境良性循环和社会经济可持续发展提供参考。

Review and perspective on water-land-forage-livestock balance in pastoral areas of China

In recent years, the grassland ecological degradation in pastoral areas has seriously threatened the national ecological security of China. This paper summarizes the evolution process of grassland ecologi-cal protection, and points out that it is essential to study on balance among water, land, forage and live-stock. Based on the research process and progress of water-land-forage-livestock balance in pastoral areas, this paper summarizes and analyzes the achievements and shortcomings of forage -livestock balance re-search, water-forage-livestock balance research and water-land-forage-livestock balance research. Finally, the technical framework of the balance among water, land, forage and livestock are put forward, and expec-tations on the future are proposed. The paper can provide references for promoting sustainable use of water and land resources and maintain sustainable development of society and economy in pastoral areas.