流域水环境容量计算及分配方法探讨——以濑溪河为例

综合考虑区域人口、社会经济发展和环境治理水平,以污染排放和单位流量污染源断面水质贡献率作为指标,基于公平和效率的原则,同时兼顾环境治理激励,构建了水环境容量及污染物分配模型,并以濑溪河流域(荣昌段)水环境容量分配为例进行了研究。结果表明:相较于等比例分配方法,优化分配方案下流域COD_(Cr)和NH_3-N的剩余环境容量分别增加了266.9 t/a和63.2 t/a,目标削减量的确定也更具公平性,更加符合实际情况。研究结果可为流域水环境容量或污染物总量控制工作提供理论依据和技术支持,同时也对流域精细化管理具有重要的意义。

Study on calculation and allocation method of water environmental capacity: case of Laixi River

In comprehensively consideration of the factors of the population, the socio-economic development and the environmental governance level, taking pollution emissions and contribution rate of pollution per unit flow to the water quality of target section as indicators, this paper builds a water environmental capacity and pollutants allocation model based on the principle of fairness, efficiency and incentive of environmental governance. Water environment capacity allocation for Laixi River (Rongchang Section) was conducted by using the model. The results indicated that the residual water environmental capacity of CODcr and NH3-N in the watershed increased 266.9t/a and 63.2t/a than that in traditional equal-probability allocation. The target emission reductions were more fairness and easily accepted. This study can provide theoretical basis and technical assistance for the total pollutants’ control work, which is important for the fine management of the watershed.