新疆玛纳斯河流域平原区水资源组成和水循环

本文在分析新疆玛纳斯河流域平原区地表水、地下水同位素组分D、18O、T和14C特征的基础上，运用同位素混合模型进行了水资源组成和水循环研究。研究表明，在δD～δ18O图、T～δ18O图和14C～T图上，从上游至下游，地表水、浅层水和深层水的同位素分布具有明显的规律性，并在14C～T图上，可明显识别出古水，其14C介于0～40pMC之间，T值介于0～25TU之间。水资源主要来源于南部山区大气降水补给，上游是地下水的主要补给区。上游地表水有80.3％来自于山区大气降水，上游浅层水有83.5％来源于上游地表水。之后，浅层地下水在冲洪积扇前缘受阻溢出地表转化成地表水。再往下游，地表水、浅层水和深层水之间发生多次复杂的相互转化，最终耗于人工开采和蒸发。

Water resources composition and water circulation in plain of Manasi River Basin

The composition of water resources and water circulation in plain of Manasi River Basin, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, are analyzed according to the isotopes in surface water and groundwater, including Deuterium, Oxygen-18, Tritium and Carbon-14, and by the mixing model of isotope. It is found that the majority of water is coming from southern hilly area formed by precipitation and the upstream area of the river is the major source of the groundwater. About 80 % of surface water is formed by precipitation and 83.5 % of shallow groundwater is recharged by surface water in the upstream area, and then the shallow groundwater is blocked in the front of alluvium and diluvium and changed into surface water. The surface water, shallow groundwater and deep groundwater in the route flowing to downstream area experienced a complicated interchangeable process and consumed by pumping and evaporation.