基于组合赋权-云模型的离子型稀土矿开采工艺评价

为保护资源和生态环境，促进稀土产业绿色可持续发展，基于现代控制理论的能观测性和能控性新视角，采用CRITIC-G1组合赋权与云模型相结合的方法，构建了离子型稀土矿开采工艺评价模型，并对不确定开采条件下的原地浸矿工艺与堆浸工艺进行了评价。研究得出:①基于保护资源和生态环境的目的，离子型稀土矿开采工艺评价指标体系不仅要考虑矿山开采负外部性的影响程度评价指标，而且还应考虑矿山开采负外部性的能控性评价指标，从而更加贴近离子型稀土矿开采实际；②在确定指标权重时，采用CRITIC-G1法组合赋权，使权重更为准确；③将CRITIC-G1法与云模型相结合，在资源储量、矿床底板发育程度等不确定开采条件下和严格执行环境保护法、矿产资源法的前提下，堆浸工艺稍优于原地浸矿工艺。建议在当前开采工艺水平条件下，实施离子型稀土矿产地储备制度。 

Evaluation on the mining technology of ion-adsorption rare earth ore based on combined weighting-cloud model

For the targets of conserving resources, protecting ecological environment and achieving a green and sustainable development of rare earth industry, an evaluation model of ion-adsorption rare earth mining technology was established from a new perspective of observability and controllability of modern control theory. The approaches of CRITIC-G1 combination weighting and cloud model were integrated in the research. The in-situ leaching technology and heap leaching technology under uncertain mining conditions were evaluated. The results show: ① By taking the impact degree and the controllability evaluation indexes of negative externality into consideration, the evaluation index system of ion-adsorption rare earth mining technology can be relevant to the actual mining conditions. ② The CRITIC-G1 combination weighting method renders an accurate index weight. ③ On the basis of CRITIC-G1 Combinational Weighting-Cloud Model, the heap leaching process is more favorable to in-situ leaching process under the uncertain mining conditions of resource reserves and ore deposit floor. In the meantime, the Environmental Protection Law and the Mineral Resources Law are strictly enforced. Under the current mining technology level, it is recommended to implement a reserve system for ionic rare earth minerals.