“双碳”目标下中国钢铁工业的低碳发展分析

摘要：中国钢铁工业的流程结构特点是高炉—转炉长流程占主导，能源结构特点是以煤炭为主，因此造成吨钢CO2排放量高于世界平均水平，碳减排压力巨大。为探究中国钢铁工业的低碳现状与发展趋势，通过对流程结构、废钢资源、低碳技术、碳交易市场等进行深入分析，认为钢铁工业实现2030年碳达峰、2060年碳中和的“双碳”目标是一个长期的、多因素综合作用的过程，不同阶段应确立不同的研究重点，并就未来发展提出了自己的建议。钢铁工业下一步应该加快低碳技术发展、提高电炉短流程比例、重视氢冶金技术研发，并充分发挥政策和市场调节作用，最终摆脱碳冶金依赖，走向低碳化钢铁之路。

Analysis on low carbon development of China′s steel industry under “dual carbon” goal

Abstract： The process structure of China′s steel industry is dominated by the BF BOF steelmaking process, and the energy structure is dominated by coal, which causes CO2 emissions per ton product higher than the world average level, and the pressure of CO2 emission reduction is great. In order to explore the low carbon status and development trend of China′s steel industry, multiple perspectives such as production process structure, scrap resources, low carbon technology and carbon trading market were analyzed deeply, coming to the conclusion that achieving the “dual carbon” goal of CO2 emissions peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060 is a long term and multi factor comprehensive process, the steel industry should establish different research priorities at different stages. At the same time, suggestions for further development are put forward. In the next step, China′s steel industry should accelerate the development of low carbon technology, increase the proportion of EAF steelmaking process, pay attention to the research and development of hydrogen metallurgy technology, and give full play to the role of policy and market regulation, finally get rid of the dependence of carbon metallurgy and embark on the road of low carbon steel.