黔西南地区金矿尾矿（渣）潜在资源评价及处理建议

黔西南地区是我国卡林型金矿主要产区之一，已有几十年的开采历史，随着金矿的开采，产生了大量的尾矿资源。为了解黔西南金矿尾矿（渣）资源现状，运用地质块段法、矿物学和地球化学等方法对贞丰—晴隆—安龙地区5个典型金矿尾矿（渣）中金含量、赋存状态及周围环境进行了调查。结果表明：卡林型尾矿（渣）中金以包裹金状态赋存在黄铁矿中，红土型尾矿中金以游离态赋存在铁钛氧化物中。水银洞和烂泥沟金矿尾矿中的金品位超过工业品位，具有二次提金的潜力。同时，对紫马和老万场2个尾矿库周边的土壤、植物和水质进行采样测试，发现样品中的Cd、Hg和As严重超标，对环境有一定的危害。因此，对于未达到工业品位且对环境有影响的黄金尾矿，建议进行复垦种植、采矿充填或加工成建材，这样不仅实现了尾矿（渣）的减量化处理，而且减少了其对周围环境的危害。

Potential Resource Evaluation and Treatment Suggestions of Gold Tailings （Slag） in Southwest Guizhou

With the rapid development of gold mining technology in China，the number，scale and output of gold mines are increasing day by day，but the ore grade is constantly decreasing.At the same time，with the increase of mining intensity of gold mines，the number of tailings produced also increases dramatically.However，gold tailings are valuable secondary resources with fine particle size，large resource quantity，low price and no need for mining，crushing and grinding operations，which has a high possibility of comprehensive utilization.With the improvement of ore dressing technology and the shortage of gold resources，the gold tailings has a higher recovery value.Southwest Guizhou is one of the main production areas of carlin-type gold deposits in China，which has been mined for several decades.With the mining of gold deposits，a large number of tailing resources have been produced.The gold deposits in southwest Guizhou are mainly accumulated in Zhenfeng-Qinglong-Anlong area.The gold content and occurrence state of five typical gold tailings reservoirs in this area were investigated，and the total amount of gold in the area was estimated by using the geological block method.The results show that most of the gold in the tailings is in the state of gold wrapped in quartz in the fine pyrite，and the potential pile stock of Lannigou carbon leaching gold mine tailings is about 1.2 million tons，the content of Au in the carbon leaching tailings is as high as 2.52×10^-6~3.82×10^-6，with an average of 3.13×10^-6，far higher than the industrial grade of primary gold deposit，the estimated amount of gold metal is 3.75 t.The potential resource of the tailings （slag） of Shuiyindong gold mine is about 4.2 million tons，the gold content is 1.67×10^-6，and the estimated Au metal content is 7.01 t.Both of these two tailings resource have the potential of secondary gold extraction.The soil，plants and water quality around the two tailings reservoirs of Zima and Laowanchang were analyzed.It is found that Cd，Hg and As in the samples exceeded the standard seriously，which is harmful to the environment.Therefore，the disposal of gold tailings has become the primary problem to protect the local environment.For these gold tailings that do not reach the industrial grade，they can generally be used in reclamation planting，mining filling or processing into building materials.At present，it has been studied by many scholars at home and abroad，and its application prospect is very broad.