某放射性尾渣库退役治理工程防渗方案比选

铀尾渣库是潜在的放射性污染源,未采取防渗措施时,可能造成地下水放射性污染。为确定合理的放射性尾渣库防渗补救措施,以某正在进行退役治理的放射性铀尾渣库为例,比较分析了水平防渗、垂直防渗方案的技术特点,采用经验公式、数值模拟方法分析了防渗方案的防渗效果,从环保、费用等角度对2种防渗方案进行了对比分析。结果表明,采用水平或垂直防渗均可有效减少渗水量,但水平防渗效果更好。研究成果可为铀尾渣库防渗系统设计提供技术支撑,也可供伴生放射性废渣库、危险废物处置库防渗系统设计参考。

Comparison and Selection of Liner System in the Decommissioning Stage of a Radioactive Tailings Pond

As a potential radioactive pollution source, uranium tailings ponds may cause radioactive pollution of groundwater if no liner system were taken. In order to select the reasonable liner system for a radioactive tailings pond under decommissioning, the technical characteristics of horizontal liner and vertical barriers were compared and analyzed, and the seepage control effect of horizontal liner and vertical barriers was analyzed from the perspectives of environmental protection and cost by the empirical formula and numerical simulation methods. The results show that both horizontal liner and vertical barriers can effectively reduce the amount of leakage from the tailings pond, and the horizontal liner is better. The results can provide technical support for design of the liner system of uranium tailings ponds, and can also provide reference for the design of the liner system of other associated radioactive waste ponds and hazardous waste facilities.