藏中某铜锌铁多金属矿工艺矿物学研究

西藏中部某多金属矿中铜、锌和铁的品位分别为0.48%、7.75%和33.57%。为合理开发利用该资源，采用MLA、SEM-EDS、X-射线能谱分析及电子探针等手段对该矿石进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究。查明了有价元素的赋存状态、矿物组成及其含量、目的矿物的嵌布特征，以及主要矿物的解离度特征，及影响有价元素综合高效回收的因素。结果表明：铜主要以黄铜矿和铜蓝赋存，分布率为95.66%；锌以铁闪锌矿和菱锌矿形式产出，分布率分别为92.11%和7.89%；磁铁矿是铁的主要赋存状态，分布率为32.68%。铁闪锌矿包裹大量细粒乳滴状磁黄铁矿和黄铜矿，与黄铁矿紧密互嵌，部分不规则铁闪锌矿与磁铁矿和脉石矿物紧密共生；细粒黄铜矿与黄铁矿致密共生，少量粗粒黄铜矿含有铁闪锌矿包裹体；磁铁矿与脉石矿物交织呈网状结构。研究成果为制定适宜的选别工艺流程和药剂制度，实现该多金属矿中有价元素的综合回收提供理论依据。

Study on Process Mineralogy of a Cu-Zn-Fe Polymetallic Ore in Central Tibet

The grade of copper,zinc and iron in a polymetallic mine in central Tibet are 0.48%,7.75% and 33.57%,respectively.In order to develop and utilize the ore rationally,detailed process mineralogy of the ore was studied detailly by means of MLA,SEM-EDS,X-ray energy spectrum analysis and electron probe.The occurrence states of valuable elements,mineral composition and content,the distribution characteristics of target minerals,and the dissociation degree of the main minerals,as well as the factors affecting the comprehensive and efficient recovery of valuable elements were found out.The results showed that copper mainly occurs in chalcopyrite and covellite with a distribution rate of 95.66%.Zinc is produced in the form of marmatite and smithsonite,with distribution rates of 92.11% and 7.89%,respectively.Magnetite is the main occurrence state of iron with a distribution rate of 32.68%.Marmatite coats a large number of fine-grained,milky drop pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite,and is closely embedded with pyrite.Part of irregular marmatite is closely associated with magnetite and gangue minerals.Fine chalcopyrite closely coexisted with pyrite,small amount of coarse chalcopyrite contains marmatite enclosures.Magnetite and gangue minerals interweave with a stockwork structure.The research results provide a theoretical basis for determining the appropriate separation process and reagent system,and realizing the comprehensive recovery of valuable elements in the polymetallic ore.