露天矿多煤层软岩复合边坡底摩擦实验研究

以新疆某露天矿设有排土场的东帮复合边坡为研究对象,采用正交设计法设计实验方案,研究利用底摩擦实验相似模拟边坡的破坏过程。4种典型露天矿生产状态模型的底摩擦实验全面反映了露天矿多煤层软岩复合边坡的破坏过程,实验结果表明:21煤底板弱层是边坡滑动的关键因素,结合监测点位移变化规律分析得复合边坡的潜在滑移面具有4种形态,直线形、斜直线形、折线形、圆弧曲线形,通过分析实验现象得出边坡的破坏模式有2种,沉降、蠕滑-拉裂。讨论了弱层、时间和排土场对边坡稳定的影响以及底摩擦实验需要改进的地方,提出了提高边坡稳定性的合理加固时间,上覆排土场对边坡稳定性具有的两面性,它与弱层共同控制了潜在滑体的规模,以及合理制作底摩擦模型的重要性。

Basal contact friction experiment of composite slope containing soft rock and multiple seam in open pit

Based on eastern slope constructing dump at an open pit mine in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,using the orthogonal method to establish an experiment program,this paper performed a basal contact friction experiment to simulate slope failure,and the experiment of four typical production model fully reflected the failure process of composite slope.Experiments show the 21st coal floor is the key factor of slope failure.By analyzing the displacement of monitoring point,there are four kinds of potential sliding surface including line,straight line,broken line and circular arcs and two kinds of failure classified into subsidence and creep crack.The paper discusses the effect of weak layer,time and dump on slope,points out the improvement for basal contact friction experiment,and proposes a reasonable reinforcement time for stability and the importance of reasonable making model.Overlying dump have dual influences on slope stability,which controls the scale of potential sliding mass together with weak layer.The research can be applied to the prevention of multi seam and soft rock slope in open pits.