微震波自动拾取与多通道联合定位优化

依托河北某煤矿的科研项目，进行了以微震波初始到时自动拾取和高精度定位为目的的研究。在采用经验模态分解（EMD）法消噪、滤波的前提下，通过改进传统滑动时窗能量法，加入边界检测因子和稳定因子约束，实现对“起跳模糊、起跳不干脆以及背景干扰过大”波形到时的准确拾取。建立多通道内微震波的联合识别体系，提出利用“到时-振幅”与“时-距差速度”判断法剔除异常波形，拾取有效微震事件。现场监测数据验证表明，以改进滑动时窗能量法拾取初始到时，可有效拾取到时不清晰波形的到时，减少因人工拾取带来的误差；通过多通道内波形的联合识别、定位，削弱“远波先至”、“到时紊乱”等异常事件的干扰，实现了对震源的高精度定位。

Automated microseismic event arrival picking and multichannel recognition and location

A new study about automatically picking microseismic event first arrival and high precision location was launched to process continuously microseismic data in a coal mine of Henan province.The study has two parts to introduce how to achieve the goal ：① under the premise of the EMD method de nosing，filtering waves，an improved energy window method was put forward to future improve the precision of first arrival picking up；② to study the propagation characteristics about coal mine microseismic wave，explained the phenomenon about remote point reached first and arrival time disorder，obtained the empirical formula in different mediums by optimizing the verification blast design.To the end，through establish ‘Amplitude Time’ method and ‘Distance Time’ to reasonable and optimization location model to achieve the goal about precision location of the source.The result shows that the above method can effectively and quickly pick up the first arrival of microseismic wave，and reduce the error caused by artificially picking up and weaken the errors about waves propagating with different media，and the accuracy of source location was be improved.