矿山功能性充填基础理论与应用探索

从充填材料性能的角度将充填技术演进历程划分为体积性充填、结构性充填和功能性充填三个阶段。提出矿山功能性充填的学术理念,在实现传统充填效能的同时,兼顾载冷、蓄热、储能、防渗及防辐射等拓展功能,应对深地开采高应力、高井温和多空区等复杂环境难题及充填高成本问题。首先,给出了矿山功能性充填材料及技术的科学定义,建立了功能性充填材料的概念模型;然后,根据充填材料实现功能不同,将充填技术分为载冷/蓄冷功能性充填、蓄热/释热功能性充填和储库式功能性充填三种基本类别,分别从概念、功能及基本原理等方面进行了详尽论述。矿山功能性充填材料及技术的应用与探索将进一步革新充填采矿技术,对深地矿床-地热协同开采、井下空区再利用及战略能源储备等产生影响。

Basic theories and applied exploration of functional backfill in mines

In this paper,from the functional point of backfill materials,the evolution process of backfill technology can be divided into three stages,e.g.,volumetric backfill,structural backfill and functional backfill.To solve the coupled problems of high-stress,high-temperature and multitudinous-goaf,etc.,in deep mines,as well as high-cost of backfill mining,an academic idea of Functional Backfill (FB) was put forward.The proposed FB not only can realize the function of traditional backfill,but also can achieve the expanded functions,i.e.,cold-loading,heat-saving,energy-storage,seepage-proofing,etc.More specifically,the concepts of Functional Backfill Materials (FBM) and Functional Backfill Technology (FBT) were scientifically defined,and the conceptual model of the FBM was established.Then,on the basis of backfill material functions,the functional backfill was classified as Cold Load/Storage-Functional Backfill Materials (CLS-FBM),Heat Storage & Release-Functional Backfill Body (HSR-FBB) and Cavity-building-Functional Backfill Materials (CB-FBM).Correspondingly,the concepts,functions and basal principles of the mentioned three functional backfills were presented in detail.The application and exploration of functional backfill materials & technologies will further improve the backfill technologies in mines,which have an important and far-reaching impact on the deep mine geothermal co-exploitation,underground goaf reuse and strategic energy reserves,etc.