基于循环经济的我国放射性铀矿床后期治理研究

循环经济倡导的是经济活动按照自然生态系统的良性循环发展,其特征是"低投入、高利用、低排放(甚至零排放)",从而消解环境与发展之间的尖锐冲突。在矿业生态经济系统中,如何发展循环经济,实现"三废"零排放和经济效益最大化,是传统矿业企业所面临的急需解决的问题。本文论述了我国铀矿资源对环境的影响,结合循环经济理论,对我国放射性矿床后期治理过程中存在的问题进行分析,提出了开展废石和尾矿的回收,提高铀矿的综合利用率;利用科学方法整治塌陷坑,开展铀矿山土地复垦与绿化;加强对铀矿山的环境放射性监测与评价;加大对铀矿冶设施退役与环境治理的资金投入等可持续发展循环经济的思路与对策。

HANDLE RADIOACTIVE URANIUM DEPOSITS DURING POST-MINING PERIOD BASED ON CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN CHINA

Circular economy is based on an excellent circular development of economic activities according to natural ecosystem, which is characterized by low investment, high utilization and low emission (even zero emission), neutralizing the conflict between environment and development. How to development circular economy, how to reach zero emission of solid-water-gas wastes and how to maximize the economic benefits in mining sector is an urgent issue before mining enterprises. This paper expands the impact of uranium resources to environment, combined with circular economy theory, analyzes the issues in handling radioactive uranium deposits during post-mining period, presents approaches and suggestions to recover tailings and wastes to increase comprehensive use efficiency, to handle collapses, to carry out rehabilitation, to intensify supervision and evaluation on environmental radioactivity in uranium mines, and to manage the metallurgic facilities after using and to put investment into sustainable development of circular economy.