美国的关键矿产总统令及中国的应对策略研究

美国关键矿产系列总统令是WTO系列对华资源诉讼的继续,是中美贸易战在资源领域的延伸。其恶化了中国的资源安全形势,对中国的国际资源贸易、海外资源开发合作、矿业技术获取和矿业融资均有不利影响。论文概述了关键矿产的内涵、特点和中国的资源形势,对美国系列关键矿产令的颁布背景、政策目标、内容特点及对中国的影响进行了剖析,并提出了中国的应对建议。具体策略包括：一是,整合各项行政资源,完成我国资源安全保障的顶层设计,理顺政策的框架体系,聚合各项行政、资金、人力资源,开源节流保障供给;二是,结合多边贸易纪律和他国实践,完善矿产资源的管理机制,理顺对美国关键矿产总统令的攻防策略体系;三是,以“一带一路倡议”为纽带,建构并维系“人类资源命运共同体”。

Study on the US Critical Minerals Executive Orders and Chinese Coping Strategies

U.S. Critical minerals presidential executive orders are extensions of the WTO cases and Sino-US trade war. It has worsened China"s resource security situation and adversely affected Chinese mining trade, overseas resource development cooperation, mining technology acquisition and mining financing. This paper summarizes the connotation of critical minerals and its supply situation; analyzes the background, policy objectives, content, characteristics and influence on China. The conclusions are: China urgently needs to introduce comprehensive and systematic laws and policies to cope with it. First of all, China needs to integrate the administrative resources, complete the top-level design mechanism to safeguard resource supply. Secondly, China should conform the multilateral trade principles and perfect its domestic resource regulation system, make the attack and defend policy for U.S. critical minerals strategy. Finally, China should build and maintain a "community of human resources destiny" with the Belt and Road Initiative.