推进我国放顶煤液压支架改革的建议

当前我国放顶煤综采存在煤层条件多样性与放顶煤支架支护型式和放煤位置单一化的矛盾。支架支护型式,除了两柱、四柱以外,建议开发三柱支架以改善适应性;煤层冒放性的差异,是高位、中位和低位放煤方法存在和使用的依据;目前广泛采用的小步距放煤和开放式放煤插板不仅造成严重混矸漏矸,也妨碍顶煤回收率的进一步提高,建议采用大步距放煤和可关闭放煤口;液压支架四连杆稳定机构,制约了新型放顶煤液压支架的开发,介绍了液压支架伸缩杆稳定机构及全掩护拖移高位、中位和低位放煤尾梁。全面解决支护和冒放等难题,关键在于开发和采用由上述两项新技术结合而成的新型放顶煤液压支架———伸缩杆尾梁放顶煤液压支架(专利号:02240093.1)。

Suggestions of Advancing the Reformation of Powered Support for Caving Mining in China

There is a conflict between multi-conditions of coal seam and single supporting type and caving position in full-mechanized caving mining currently.Supporting type is suggested to be developed into 3-prop to improve adaptability besides 2-prop and 4-prop.The difference of caving difficulty degree of coal seam is the base of caving coal method at high,medium and low position.Caving with small step and open caving flashboard used widely not only cause serious mixture of coal and rock but also hinder the improvement of top coal recovery.So we suggest caving with large step or closing caving door.Four-bar-mechanism of hydraulic support restricts development of new style caving powered support.Stabilization framework of expansion link and all-shield caving tail beam at high,medium and low position are introduced here.The key of settling the difficulties of supporting and caving is to develop and adopt the new style hydraulic caving supports with tail beam of expansion link combined by above 2 new technologies.