酸性水库防渗治理工程环境管理研究

为巩固酸性水库防渗能力，提升渗漏风险控制水平，近年来一些矿山企业对已具有基础防渗且运行多年但当时无明确防渗规定的酸性水库开展防渗治理工作。针对某酸性水库防渗工程，开展了施工期环境保护措施落实、重点部位隐蔽工程(水泥黏土灌浆、化学灌浆、HDPE土工膜防渗等)实施、污染物达标排放等环境管理研究，分析了防渗治理工程实施效果。结果表明，施工期废水、废气、噪声、固体废物等污染防治措施和生态恢复措施已全部落实到位；隐蔽工程施工与设计文件一致，施工范围完整、材料与设计相符，施工方法规范，灌浆施工质量与防渗效果整体较好；废气等污染物达标排放，未对周边环境产生不利影响，已采取的污染防治措施有效、可行。工程实施后，坝脚渗流出水得到有效控制，水泥黏土灌浆+化学灌浆+HDPE土工膜防渗所构建的垂直组合防渗体系运行效果良好。建议加强酸性水库丰水期高水位运行时的坝脚渗流观测，跟踪评估酸性水库防渗治理效果。

Environmental management research of acid water reservoir anti-seepage treatment

In order to consolidate the anti-seepage capacity of acid water reservoir and improve the control level of leakage risk, in recent years some mine enterprises have carried out anti-seepage treatment on acid water reservoirs that have basic anti-seepage and have been in operation for many years but have no clear anti-seepage regulations at that time. For the anti-seepage project of acid water reservoir, environmental management research was carried out which including the implementation of environmental protection measures during construction period, hidden projects in key parts (such as cement clay grouting, chemical grouting, HDPE geomembrane anti-seepage), and up-to-standard emission. Finally, the implementation effect of anti-seepage treatment project was analyzed. The results were indicated that pollution prevention and control measures about wastewater, exhaust gas, noise, and solid waste during construction period, as well as ecological restoration measures, have been fully implemented; The hidden engineering construction is consistent with design documents at aspect of the complete scope, the same materials and standardized methods, the grouting construction quality and anti-seepage effect are generally good; The pollutants such as exhaust gas emission meet the standards and have no adverse effects on surrounding environment. The pollution prevention and control measures are effective and feasible. After implementation of anti-seepage treatment project, the seepage water has been effectively controlled. The vertical combination anti-seepage system constructed by cement clay grouting, chemical grouting, and HDPE geomembrane anti-seepage has been running well. Finally, it was recommended tostrengthen the observation of seepage at the dam toe during high water level operation of acidic water reservoir in wet season, and to track and evaluate the effectiveness of anti-seepage treatment in acid wter reservoir.