阵面机械轴误差对相控阵雷达测角精度影响分析与验证

天线阵面机械轴误差在多个维度上共同影响相控阵雷达测角精度，实际应用中难以测量、分析和验证，是高精度相控阵雷达实现精确测角迫切需要解决的关键问题之一。基于机械轴误差对相控阵雷达测角精度影响模型，推导出实际条件下空间直角坐标系到阵面直角坐标系的变换矩阵，对相控阵雷达波束指向公式进行修正，详细分析了机械轴误差及波束扫描角变化对相控阵雷达测角精度的影响。根据机械轴误差在方位法向上对相控阵雷达测角误差的影响特性，推导出机械轴误差解算公式，利用无人机加装差分全球卫星定位系统的雷达精度标校方法，结合设定的航路，即可验证机械轴误差。仿真分析结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。

Array Mechanical Axis Error?s Influence on Angle Measurement Accuracy of Phased Array Radar:Analysis and Verification

The mechanical axis error of antenna array affects the angle measurement accuracy of phased array radar(PAR) in many dimensions and it is difficult to be measured,analyzed and verified in practical application,which is one of the key problems to be solved urgently for high-precision PAR to achieve accurate angle measurement.Based on the influence model of mechanical axis error on angle measurement accuracy of PAR,the transformation matrix from space rectangular coordinate system to array rectangular coordinate system under actual conditions is derived,the beam-steering formula of PAR is modified,and the influence of mechanical axis error and beam scanning angle change on angle measurement accuracy of PAR is analyzed in detail.According to the influence of mechanical axis error on angle measurement error of PAR in azimuth direction,the formula for calculating mechanical axis error is derived,and a method is presented to verify the mechanical axis error by using the radar accuracy calibration method of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) equipped with differential Global Positioning System(DGPS).The feasibility and effectiveness of this method is verified by simulation results.