基于6LoWPAN的物联网寻址策略研究

在6LoWPAN (IPv6 over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Network)的基础上，该文提出应用于物联网的寻址策略，实现基于IEEE 802.15.4协议的底层异构网络与互联网的实时通信。寻址策略包括IPv6地址自动配置和报头压缩。采用的分层地址自动配置策略，首先在底层网络内部允许节点使用16位短地址导出的链路本地地址进行数据分组传输，该链路本地地址需通过执行基于分簇的重复地址检测机制保证唯一性；其次，每个底层网络中的Sink节点通过上层IP路由器获取全球路由前缀，并与接口标识符相结合，形成Sink节点的全球地址，实现底层网络与互联网的数据交换。同时，通过在报头压缩编码中植入链路本地地址和全球地址控制位，提出了一种适用于物联网应用的报头压缩方案IIPHC (IoTs IPv6 Header Compression)。如果地址类型为链路本地地址，则采用简单灵活的IIPHC1方案，如果地址类型为全球地址，则采用相对复杂但有效的IIPHC2方案。仿真及测试结果表明，基于6LoWPAN的物联网寻址策略在网络开销、时延、吞吐量、能耗等性能方面存在一定的优越性。

Addressing Scheme for Internet of Things Based on IPv6 over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Network(6LoWPAN)

Addressing scheme for Internet of Things(IoTs) is proposed based on IPv6 over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks(6LoWPAN),for the real-time communication between Internet and underlying heterogeneous networks based on IEEE 802.15.4.Addressing scheme includes IPv6 address autoconfiguration and head compression.Hierarchical address autoconfiguration firstly allow nodes use link local address,which is derived by 16-bit short address,for transmitting data packets within WPAN,meanwhile,this link local address needs to ensure the uniqueness of 16-bit short address by performing duplicate address detection based on clustering.Secondly,all the sink nodes in underlying networks form global address by obtaining global address prefix,which combine with interface identifier,and achieve data exchange between Internet and the underlying networks.Simultaneity,IoTs IPv6 Header Compression(IIPHC) is proposed by embedding G/L bit in head compression encoding.For the link local address,simple IIPHC1 program is used.For the global address, IIPHC2 that is relatively complex but effective program is used.The simulation result indicates that addressing scheme have an improvement in networks overhead,latency,throughput and energy consumption.